By: Boxer Exteriors • Sep 4, 2025 • 10 min. read
Roofing nails may appear simple, but selecting the right type can greatly enhance your roof’s durability and safety. Discover expert advice in “Types of Roofing Nails in the Chicagoland Area.”
Table of Contents
- 1. Types of Roofing Nails
- 2. Characteristics of Roofing Nails
- 3. Applications of Roofing Nails
- 4. Installation Considerations
- 5. Maintenance and Troubleshooting
- 6. Project Planning and Purchasing
- 7. Frequently Asked Questions About Roofing Nails
- 8. Conclusion
Roofing nails are essential in any roofing project, securely fastening everything from shingles to sheathing. Though they might appear simple, selecting the correct type can significantly influence the durability and safety of your roof. This guide aims to inform homeowners and DIY enthusiasts in the Chicagoland area about the different types of roofing nails available. By highlighting their specific uses and benefits, we ensure your roof replacement or installation complies with local building codes and withstands Illinois’s diverse weather conditions.
Types of Roofing Nails
Roofing nails differ primarily in shank design and material, each type suited to different roofing materials and environmental conditions.
Based on Shank Design
- Smooth Shank Nails – The most common type, these nails are easy to drive into softwoods and are less expensive. They are suitable for asphalt shingles but offer less withdrawal resistance.
- Ring Shank Nails – These nails have a series of rings on their shank, providing increased grip and withdrawal resistance, making them ideal for the Chicagoland area, which is often prone to high winds and stormy weather.
- Screw Shank Nails – Screw shank nails are designed to hold well in hardwoods and decking, and are excellent for metal roofing where increased holding strength is necessary against wind uplift.
- Square Cap Nails – With a square-shaped cap that provides a larger surface area, these nails are perfect for holding down roofing felt underlayment and insulation boards, offering enhanced resistance to tearing in high wind conditions.
Based on Type of Material
- Aluminum Nails – These are lightweight and rust-resistant, perfect for metal roofing and well-suited for homes in the Chicagoland area, but they should be avoided in coastal parts of Illinois due to their corrosion when in contact with salt.
- Stainless Steel Nails – Highly durable and corrosion-resistant, stainless steel nails are ideal for slate or tile roofs, and in areas with salty air or heavy precipitation.
- Galvanized Steel Nails – Coated with zinc to prevent rust, these nails are a good choice for asphalt shingles and are cost-effective for large roofing projects.
- Copper Nails – Best for historic homes or premium roofing projects, copper nails are rust-proof and develop a patina over time that can add aesthetic value to the roof.
Characteristics of Roofing Nails
Choosing the right nail for a roofing project in the Chicagoland area involves considering several key characteristics:
Size and Dimensions
- Length: Typically measured in pennies (denoted as ‘d’), the length of roofing nails varies from 1 inch (2d) to 2 inches (6d), depending on the roofing material and sheathing thickness.
- Shank Diameter and Head Diameter: These dimensions influence the nail’s holding power and the size of the hole left in the roofing substance.
- Gauge: The thickness of the nail, with common roofing nails ranging from 11 to 12 gauge, providing a balance between strength and ease of use.
Factors Affecting Nail Choice
- Roofing Material: The type of roofing material—whether asphalt shingles, metal roofs, or tile—greatly affects the choice of nail.
- Climate and Weather Conditions: Illinois’s climate can vary from heavy snowfalls in the north to warmer, storm-prone weather in the south, impacting the choice of nail.
- Local Building Codes: Adhering to local building codes, including specifications from the International Building Code (IBC), is essential for compliance and safety.
Applications of Roofing Nails
Choosing the right nails is critical for various applications in roofing projects, ensuring durability and compliance with local building codes in the Chicagoland area.
Nails for Shingles
For asphalt shingles, the most used roofing material in the Chicagoland area, ring shank or smooth shank nails are recommended because of their durability and cost-effectiveness. Typically, four nails per shingle are standard, but in high wind areas, six may be required to prevent blowoffs, adhering to the International Building Code.
Nails for Felt/Underlayment
Felt underlayment requires wide-head nails, preferably galvanized to prevent rust. Square cap nails are ideal as they offer more surface area to hold the underlayment securely, essential in Illinois’s varied weather conditions.
Nails for Roof Flashing
For flashing, which protects joints and prevents water infiltration, corrosion-resistant stainless steel or copper nails are preferred. These types of nails resist the corrosive effects of the Chicagoland area’s icy winters and humid summers.
Nails for Sheathing
Sheathing nails need to be robust and capable of penetrating thick materials. Screw shank nails are typically used for their superior holding power, crucial for maintaining roof integrity during severe weather events common in the Chicagoland area.
Installation Considerations
Proper installation of roofing nails is just as important as the type of nail used, affecting the longevity and effectiveness of the roofing material.
Proper Nail Placement and Techniques
Nails should be driven straight and flush with the roofing surface, not under or over-driven, which can lead to nail pops or damage to the roofing material. In the Chicagoland area, ensuring that nails penetrate into the roof deck by at least ¾ inch is crucial for optimal hold.
Nail Gun vs. Hammer Installation
Nail guns are faster and reduce labor significantly, ideal for large roofing projects. Coil roofing nails are commonly used with nail guns for efficiency. However, manual hammering gives more control, potentially decreasing the risk of improper nail placement. The choice often depends on the project’s scale and the roofer’s skill level.
Use of Screws vs. Nails
Screws provide more strength and withdrawal resistance than nails and are better for metal roofing installations where movement due to thermal expansion is a consideration. However, nails are faster to install and more cost-effective for traditional shingle roofing.
Can Staples be Used for Roofing?
Staples are not recommended for roofing in the Chicagoland area as they do not provide the same level of holding power and can be prone to corrosion and rust. Nails are the preferred fastener for their strength and reliability, particularly important in regions susceptible to extreme weather conditions.
Selecting the right nails and using proper installation techniques are paramount for any successful roofing project in the Chicagoland area. Whether dealing with high winds, heavy snow, or intense sun, understanding these elements ensures a durable and secure roofing system.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Proper maintenance and swift action on common issues can significantly extend the lifespan of a roof in Illinois’s variable climate.
Fixing Nail Pops in a Roof
Nail pops occur when nails become loose, often due to temperature fluctuations causing expansion and contraction in roofing materials. To fix a nail pop, remove the loose nail, apply a dab of roofing sealant, and replace it with a new nail slightly larger in diameter to ensure a snug fit. Ensure the new nail is hammered in straight and flush with the roofing material.
Sealing Exposed Nails
Exposed nail heads can lead to leaks and corrosion over time. To protect your roof, cover any exposed nails with a high-quality, weather-resistant roofing sealant. This prevents water ingress and extends the nail’s life by preventing rust and corrosion, particularly important in Illinois’s snowy winters and rainy springs.
Reusing Roofing Nails (and when not to)
While it might be tempting to reuse roofing nails during repairs, this is generally not advisable. Reused nails can compromise roof integrity due to weakened grip and potential rusting. Always opt for new, corrosion-resistant roofing nails, especially when dealing with critical installations like shingles and flashing.
Project Planning and Purchasing
Understanding the scope of your roofing project will help in estimating the necessary materials, including nails, to ensure efficient and cost-effective purchasing.
- Estimating Nail Quantity Needed: As a rule, estimate approximately 320 nails per roofing square (100 square feet) for standard shingle installation. This number can increase depending on local building codes and the type of shingles used.
- Cost Considerations: The cost of roofing nails varies depending on the type and material. Galvanized and aluminum nails are generally less expensive than stainless steel or copper. Bulk purchasing can often reduce the overall cost, particularly for larger projects.
Choosing the right type of roofing nails and installing them correctly is crucial for the longevity and integrity of your roof, particularly in the Chicagoland area, where the weather can be unforgiving. From asphalt shingles to ceramic roofing, understanding the specific requirements and adhering to local building codes will not only keep your home safe but also ensure that your roofing projects are built to last.
Frequently Asked Questions About Roofing Nails
What are the main types of roofing nails in Chicagoland?
The common types of roofing nails in Chicagoland include smooth shank, ring shank, screw shank, and square cap designs. Each option serves a unique role in securing roof decking, underlayment, and shingles. For example, ring shank nails provide strong withdrawal resistance against strong winds, while square cap nails are used for securing roofing underlayment. Choosing the right type depends on local climate, the roof covering material, and compliance with manufacturer recommendations for roof installation.
What nails work best for asphalt shingles?
For asphalt shingles, most roofing contractors recommend galvanized or ring shank nails due to their durability and corrosion resistance. In areas with strong winds, six nails per shingle may be required instead of four to keep the roof covering securely fastened. Nails should penetrate the roof decking at least ¾ inch to ensure a solid hold. Following manufacturer recommendations helps prevent shingle blow-offs, while using the correct fasteners ensures the structure remains covered and well-protected.
Which nails should I use for different roofing materials?
The choice of nails depends on the roofing materials being installed. For wood shingles or cedar shake, copper nails are ideal due to their longevity and resistance to rust. Galvanized steel nails work well with asphalt shingles, while stainless steel nails are often used with tiles for better corrosion resistance. For steel roofs or sheet metal, screw shank nails or even aluminum fasteners are preferred. Always match nails to the roof covering to guarantee durability and proper fastening.
Are wood shingles still a good roofing choice?
Yes, wood shingles, particularly cedar shake, remain popular for their natural look and insulation properties. They must be properly fastened using nails that penetrate deeply into the roof decking to prevent lifting during strong winds. Many roofing contractors recommend copper roofing nails for wood because of their corrosion resistance and ability to expand with natural materials. Maintenance is required more often compared to other roofing materials, but when installed correctly, they provide a durable, attractive roof covering.
Why are copper roofing nails used in roof projects?
Copper roofing nails are often chosen for premium or historic homes since they provide excellent corrosion resistance and blend well with copper roofs. Over time, they develop a natural patina that adds aesthetic appeal while protecting the structure. These nails are strong enough to secure wood shingles and tiles, keeping the roof covering tightly fastened. Although more expensive than galvanized or aluminum options, copper nails remain among the best roofing nails for long-lasting roof construction.
What makes galvanized steel nails reliable for roofing?
Galvanized steel nails are coated with zinc, giving them outstanding corrosion resistance in variable climates. They are commonly used for asphalt shingles and roofing underlayment, ensuring the roof remains properly covered and sealed. Because they’re cost-effective and durable, they are often the preferred choice for large roofing projects. By penetrating the roof decking firmly, these nails help keep the roof covering securely nailed. For many homeowners, they are the most practical option among other roofing materials.
What are considered the best roofing nails?
The best roofing nails depend on the roof covering material and location. For asphalt shingles, galvanized nails are durable and affordable. For wood shingles or cedar shake, copper roofing nails provide unmatched corrosion resistance. For steel roofs or sheet metal, screw shank nails or aluminum fasteners are recommended to handle expansion and contraction. Ultimately, the best roofing nails are those that match the roof installation requirements, comply with manufacturer recommendations, and withstand strong winds while keeping the structure solid.
How do I choose reliable roofing contractors?
Selecting skilled roofing contractors is as important as choosing the right nails. A good contractor ensures the roof installation is properly fastened, follows manufacturer recommendations, and uses the correct fasteners for different roofing materials. Look for licensed professionals with experience in roof decking, roofing underlayment, and handling other roofing materials such as sheet metal or copper roofs. Contractors should explain why certain nails—such as ring shank or galvanized—are best for your roof covering and local climate conditions.
When is sheet metal used in roofing?
Sheet metal is typically used for flashing, edging, and steel roofs, protecting vulnerable parts of a structure where water might enter. Nails with strong corrosion resistance, such as stainless steel or copper, are recommended for fastening it securely. For roof installation, sheet metal helps cover joints and ensures the roof covering remains waterproof. Professional roofing contractors usually install it along the edge or around penetrations like chimneys. Correctly nailed sheet metal extends roof life and improves overall construction quality.
What is a ring shank nail and why is it useful?
A ring shank nail features ridges along its shaft, giving it superior holding power compared to smooth nails. This makes it especially useful in areas with strong winds, as it ensures the roof covering stays securely fastened to the roof decking. Often used with asphalt shingles and wood shingles, they are considered among the best roofing nails for windy regions like Chicagoland. By reducing the risk of nails loosening, ring shank nails provide added protection to the structure and improve roof durability.
Conclusion
For residents of Wheaton, Glen Ellyn, Naperville, and surrounding areas, Boxer Exteriors is your trusted local contractor, ready to supply quality materials and expert advice for all your roofing needs. Licensed under BBB License# 104.019463, we guarantee professionalism and adherence to the highest standards. For more information or to start planning your next roofing project, contact us at 630-570-0269 or visit our website at info@boxerexteriors.com.
